Jump to content

Emilian–Romagnol: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
Rewritten the main body of the article to bring it in line with current linguistic understanding. The original article contained numerous inaccuracies about the status of Emilian-Romagnol as a recognized linguistic unit, and uncritically presented assertions often made by Romagnol independentist movements which, regardless of their political merit, have no bearing on the status of the language. I also added citations of academic sources.
Line 32: Line 32:
}}
}}


'''Emilian-Romagnol''' (''emiliân-rumagnōl'' or ''längua emiglièna-rumagnôla''), also known as '''Emiliano-Romagnolo''', is a [[Gallo-Italic languages|Gallo-Italic language]] spoken in the Northern Italian region of [[Emilia-Romagna]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Loporcaro|first=Michele|url=/proxy/https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/318631969|title=Profilo linguistico dei dialetti italiani|date=2009|publisher=Laterza|isbn=978-88-420-8920-9|location=Bari|pages=104-108|oclc=318631969}}</ref>. The language is divided into two main [[Variety (linguistics)|varieties]]: [[Emilian dialects|Emilian]] and [[Romagnol dialects|Romagnol]]. While the language was first registered under a single code in [[ISO 639-3|ISO standard 639-3]], in 2009 this code was retired in favour of two distinct codes for the two varieties, due to the cultural and literary split between the two parts of the region, making Emilian and Romagnol distinct [[Ethnolinguistics|ethnolinguistic]] entities<ref>{{Cite web|title=eml {{!}} ISO 639-3|url=/proxy/https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/eml|access-date=2021-08-21|website=iso639-3.sil.org}}</ref>. Emilian and Romagnol (entered separately) are considered [[Endangered language|definitely endangered languages]] according to the [[UNESCO]] [[Red Book of Endangered Languages|Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger|url=/proxy/http://www.unesco.org/languages-atlas/en/atlasmap/language-id-349.html|access-date=2021-08-21|website=www.unesco.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger|url=/proxy/http://www.unesco.org/languages-atlas/en/atlasmap/language-id-2731.html|access-date=2021-08-21|website=www.unesco.org}}</ref>.
'''Emilian-Romagnol''' (''emiliân-rumagnōl'' or ''längua emiglièna-rumagnôla''), also known as '''Emiliano-Romagnolo''', is an obsolete linguistic classification given to two distinct [[Gallo-Italic languages]]: [[Emilian dialects|Emilian]] and [[Romagnol dialects|Romagnol]], in an attempt to make the political borders of the region called Emilia-Romagna coincide with cultural and linguistic borders.<ref>{{cite web|url=/proxy/http://tuttosu.virgilio.it/tutto-su/Lingua-romagnola.html|title=Lingua romagnola|website=TuttoSu|access-date=21 February 2018}}</ref> This is because the region of Emilia-Romagna is not a historical region like Lombardy or Veneto, but it's a mere political construct invented for statistical purposes by the newly created Kingdom of Italy in 1861. The area from Modena to Piacenza was indeed historically considered to be part of Emilia or historical Lombardy, while the area west of the Rhine was culturally linked with Romagna and the Papal States.


==Description==
==Description==
[[File:Romance-lg-classification-en.svg|thumb|500px|Chart of Romance languages based on structural and comparative criteria.]]
[[File:Romance-lg-classification-en.svg|thumb|500px|Chart of Romance languages based on structural and comparative criteria.]]
As a Gallo-Italic language, Emilian-Romagnol is most closely related to the [[Lombard language|Lombard]], [[Piedmontese language|Piedmontese]] and [[Ligurian (Romance language)|Ligurian]] languages, all of which are spoken in neighboring provinces.
As a Gallo-Italic language, Emilian-Romagnol is most closely related to the [[Lombard language|Lombard]], [[Piedmontese language|Piedmontese]] and [[Ligurian (Romance language)|Ligurian]] languages, all of which are spoken in neighboring provinces.

Among other Gallo-Italic languages, Emilian-Romagnol is characterized by systematic [[Raising (sound change)|raising]] and [[Vowel breaking|diphthongization]] of latin [[Stress (linguistics)|stressed]] [[Vowel|vowels]] in [[Syllable|open syllables]], as well as widespread [[Syncope (phonology)|syncope]] of unstressed vowels other than /a/ and use of [[Apophony|vowel gradation]] in the formation of plurals and certain verb tenses.<ref name=":0" />


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 12:24, 21 August 2021

Emilian-Romagnol
Native toItaly, San Marino
RegionPrimarily Emilia-Romagna, Marche, San Marino
Native speakers
Unknown (4.4 million population):
  • Sole or prevalent language of 10.5%
  • Used alongside Italian by 28.3% (2006)[1]
Dialects
Language codes
ISO 639-3(code eml deprecated in 2009)[2]
Individual codes:
egl – Emilian
rgn – Romagnol
Glottologemil1241  Emiliano
roma1328  Romagnol
Linguasphere51-AAA-ok
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Emilian-Romagnol (emiliân-rumagnōl or längua emiglièna-rumagnôla), also known as Emiliano-Romagnolo, is a Gallo-Italic language spoken in the Northern Italian region of Emilia-Romagna[3]. The language is divided into two main varieties: Emilian and Romagnol. While the language was first registered under a single code in ISO standard 639-3, in 2009 this code was retired in favour of two distinct codes for the two varieties, due to the cultural and literary split between the two parts of the region, making Emilian and Romagnol distinct ethnolinguistic entities[4]. Emilian and Romagnol (entered separately) are considered definitely endangered languages according to the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger[5][6].

Description

Chart of Romance languages based on structural and comparative criteria.

As a Gallo-Italic language, Emilian-Romagnol is most closely related to the Lombard, Piedmontese and Ligurian languages, all of which are spoken in neighboring provinces.

Among other Gallo-Italic languages, Emilian-Romagnol is characterized by systematic raising and diphthongization of latin stressed vowels in open syllables, as well as widespread syncope of unstressed vowels other than /a/ and use of vowel gradation in the formation of plurals and certain verb tenses.[3]

See also

Emiliano-Romagnolo edition of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

References

  1. ^ "La lingua italiana, i dialetti e le lingue straniere Anno 2006" (PDF). istat.it. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
  2. ^ "639 Identifier Documentation: eml". SIL International.
  3. ^ a b Loporcaro, Michele (2009). Profilo linguistico dei dialetti italiani. Bari: Laterza. pp. 104–108. ISBN 978-88-420-8920-9. OCLC 318631969.
  4. ^ "eml | ISO 639-3". iso639-3.sil.org. Retrieved 2021-08-21.
  5. ^ "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger". www.unesco.org. Retrieved 2021-08-21.
  6. ^ "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger". www.unesco.org. Retrieved 2021-08-21.


Stub icon

This article about Romance languages is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emilian–Romagnol&oldid=1039896915"