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See also:
U+8207, 與
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8207

[U+8206]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+8208]

Translingual

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Japanese
Simplified
Traditional

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 134, +8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹難卜金 (HXYC), four-corner 77801, composition ⿶⿳𦥑⿹⿺(GHJKV) or ⿶⿳𦥑⿹⿺丿(T))

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1004, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30212
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1460, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 251, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+8207

Chinese

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trad.
simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *la, *laʔ, *las) : phonetic (OC *la, raised hands) + phonetic (OC *ŋraː). Both components are phonetic. The closest version to the original is 𦥸.

Etymology

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"to be with; to associate with"
Unlikely to be the same word as (OC *la, “to lift”) (Schuessler, 2007).
"to give"
The same word as (OC *laʔ). The word family (OC *hljaːʔ) is probably derived from this word (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Tibetan གླ (gla, pay; wage; fare), Mara Chin [Term?] (hla, to present; to offer (sacrifice); to give), Jingpho [script needed] (ja³³, to give).

Pronunciation 1

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Rime
Character
Reading # 2/3
Initial () (36)
Final () (22)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter yoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/jɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun
/jiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen
/iɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/jɨə̆X/
Li
Rong
/iɔX/
Wang
Li
/jĭoX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jyu5
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ yoX ›
Old
Chinese
/*m-q(r)aʔ/
English give; for; and

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/3
No. 15901
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*laʔ/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. to give; to offer
      ―  zèng  ―  to gift
      ―    ―  to accord,to grant
  2. to agree; to allow; to permit
  3. to help; to support
    人為善人为善  ―  rénwéishàn  ―  to help others
  4. to get close to
  5. to follow
  6. to befriend; to get along with; to associate with
      ―  xiàng  ―  to get along with somebody
  7. to fight
  8. to deal with; to cope
  9. to compare
  10. to wait
  11. to choose; to elect
  12. clique
  13. allied country
      ―  guó  ―  allied country
  14. with
    無關无关  ―  zhè shì wúguān.  ―  I have nothing to do with the matter.
  15. for
  16. (passive) by
  17. used to introduce the recipient of an action
    人民人民  ―  rénmín wéi dí  ―  to be hostile to the people
  18. and (used to connect two nouns)
      ―  shān shuǐ  ―  mountains and waters
  19. (logic) AND; conjunction
  20. rather than
      ―    ―  rather than
  21. Same as ()
    選賢选贤  ―  xuǎnxiánnéng  ―  choose men of talents,virtue,and ability
  22. a surname
Synonyms
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See also
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  • (ér, “and”), used to connect two clauses or adjectives

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character
Reading # 3/3
Initial () (36)
Final () (22)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter yoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/jɨʌH/
Pan
Wuyun
/jiɔH/
Shao
Rongfen
/iɔH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/jɨə̆H/
Li
Rong
/iɔH/
Wang
Li
/jĭoH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯woH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jyu6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ yoH ›
Old
Chinese
/*ɢ(r)aʔ-s/
English participate in

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 3/3
No. 15904
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*las/

Definitions

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  1. to participate
      ―  cān  ―  to participate
  2. to interfere

Compounds

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Pronunciation 3

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3
Initial () (36)
Final () (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter yo
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/jɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun
/jiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen
/iɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/jɨə̆/
Li
Rong
/iɔ/
Wang
Li
/jĭo/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jyu4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3
No. 15891
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*la/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. (Classical, alt. form ) Sentence-final particle used to express an exclamatory, doubtful or questioning tone

Japanese

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Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. participate in
  2. give
  3. award
  4. impart
  5. provide
  6. cause

Readings

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Korean

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese (MC yoX, “give; for; and”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 영〯 (Yale: )

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jɘ(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 더불 (deobul yeo))
(eumhun (jul yeo))

  1. hanja form? of (and; with; to; for) [affix]
  2. hanja form? of (to give; to grant) [affix]

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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From Middle Chinese (MC yoH, “to participate”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 영〮 (Yale: )

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jɘ(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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(eumhun 참여할 (chamyeohal yeo))

  1. hanja form? of (to participate) [affix]

Compounds

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Noun

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Hanja in this term

(yeo) (hangeul )

  1. (in news headlines) Short for ()() (yeodang, (politics) the ruling party).
    Antonym: () (ya, (politics) the opposition party)
Usage notes
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A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.

Derived terms
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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: dữ, trở

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.